AI has a potential to have transformative impact on national security and defence. It is also seen that AI is essentially a dual use technology and can fuel technology driven economic growth and also has potential to provide military superiority.
India has strong IT industry and huge talent pool of engineers which are advantages which needs to be leveraged for Artificial Intelligence.
The AI use cases for national security & defence can be clubbed under three heads – Civilian, Military and Military/Civilian.
AI Use Cases in National Security & Defence
Use Cases – Civilian Use:
Personnel – For better match new recruits to jobs; For mobile health, health monitoring and personalised treatment; and For personalised training
Supply Chain & Logistics – Optimize inventory carrying costs; and Streamlining logistics and transportation
Predictive Maintenance – Analyze data to provide accurate flight analytics; Analyse non-performing components; Installing sensors on tanks, trucks and other gears; and Send an alert, if vehicles or any part need servicing
Finance & Accounting – Financial accounting; and Monitor operational strategic and secret expenditure
Use Cases – Military Use:
Lethal Autonomous Weapon System (LAWS) – Autonomous machine guns, sentries and tanks; Autonomous fighter bombers, cruise missiles and drones; and Autonomous ships and submersibles
Unmanned Surveillance – Border and maritime patrol perimeter defence; Harbour protection key for installation protection; Scout battlefield or conflict zone; and Collect video, audio and sensory data from field
Simulated War Game And Training – Train the staff in simulated environment; Commanders to play simulated war games; Pilots to conduct a simulated air combat mission; and Operators to practise on simulated equipment to ensure their versatility
Use Cases – Dual Use (Military/Civilian):
Cyber Security – Monitor Internet traffic to act in real time based on cumulative intelligence; Intrusion detection and malware detection; Counter cyber attacks on defence installation base, network, aircrafts and missiles; Autonomous cyber offense against adversary network and targets; and Intelligence Network Operations for optimise, use, monitor traffic and cyber warfare
Aerospace Security – Intelligent RF Monitoring to analyse and act on the usage of RF spectrum; Radar Perimeter Optimisation helps analyze and optimise radar parameters; Optimal ground weapon allocation in air defence network Phantom Co-pilot to monitor aircraft parameters and take autonomous decisions
Intelligence and Reconnaissance – Object and pattern recognition movement tracking; Face recognition, speech recognition and voice recognition; and Analyse and interpretation with respect to scale and speed
The defence ministry has formed a task force represented by members from the government, services, academia, industry professionals and start-ups for developing future roadmap on AI for national security & defence. The goals of the task force are: To establish tactical deterrent in the region; to support its peaceful and commercial use; to mitigate catastrophic risk; to visualize potential transformative weaponry of future; to facilitate in keeping a check on non-state actors; to develop intelligent, autonomous robotic systems; to enhance capabilities for collection and analysis of data and also creation of data; and to bolster cyber defence.
The task force will make recommendations of making India a significant power of AI in defence specifically in the area of aviation, naval, land systems, cyber, nuclear, and biological warfare. Specific suggestions are also for increased focus on AI within DRDO, BEL, service units, selected academic institutions of the country and make recommendations regarding appropriate strategies of working with startups.
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